2025 肺移植术后气道并发症专家共识
参 考 文 献
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 图1 肺移植术后气道介入诊疗策略图
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·读者·作者·编者·
本刊“临床病例(理)讨论”栏目征稿
本刊“临床病例(理)讨论”栏目自创办以来深受广大读者喜爱,对促进临床经验、教训的交流有非常积极的意义。本栏目主要发表临床疑难、诊治过程曲折、有普遍借鉴意义、诊断明确但病情危重的难治病例以及其他对临床实践有指导或提示意义的病例。病例要求临床资料齐全、诊断明确,一般需要有病理结果。写作要求:1)一般应首先清楚交代病例资料及诊治过程;(2)讨论部分可以采用依次讨论形式,但内容不要重复,也可按照临床诊治思路逐步展开,要求逻辑性强、条理清楚、清晰体现临床思维,对读者的临床工作有实际借鉴意义;3)文后要单独提炼列出“病例诊治要点”,以便于读者阅读;4)全文可以有简要的背景资料介绍以及必要参考文献;5)字数控制在3 000字左右为宜。
本刊编委会对本栏目稿件审稿流程及学术价值要求与论著一致,因此本刊认定“临床病例(理)讨论”栏目稿件价值等同于“论著”。
| 强度纟 | 级别 | 治疗或危害 |
|---|---|---|
| RCT的系统评价 | ||
| 1b | 结果可信区间小的随机对照试验(RCT) | |
| 1C | 显示“全或无效应”的任何证据 | |
| 2a | 队列研究的系统评价 | |
| 26 | 单个的队列研究(包括低质量的RCT,如失访率> 20%者) | |
| 20 | 基于患者结局的研究 | |
| 38 | 病例对照研究的系统评价 | |
| 35 | 单个病例对照研究 | |
| 病例系列报告、低质量队列研究和低质量病例对照 开轮 | ||
| 专家意见(即无临床研究支持、仅依据基础研究或临 |
| 气道并发症 类型 | 辉度 | 辉度 | 辉度 | 辉度 | 辉度 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 吻合口 |
| 呼吸介人技术 | 适应证 | |
|---|---|---|
| 气道清创技术 | ||
| 经支气管镜钳夹治疗 | 吻合口区少量肉芽组织、坏死物 | |
| 气道支架置人术后少量肉芽增生 | ||
| 高频电刀 | 瘢痕性气道狭窄 | |
| 光 | 瘢痕增生性气道狭窄 | |
| 氩等离子凝固术 | 管腔内增生型病变(肉芽) | |
| 冷冻 | 管腔内大量生长的肉芽、热消融或球囊扩张后剩余病变的处理 | |
| 支气管内近距离放射治疗 | 经过上述清创技术多次处理后仍反复出现肉芽组织增生或瘢痕增生 | |
| 机械扩张技术 | ||
| 球囊扩张 | 重度瘢痕性气道狭窄 | |
| 硬质支气管镜扩张 | 重度瘢痕性气道狭窄 | |
| 经支气管镜腔内注药 | 肉芽组织反复增生、复发性瘢痕性气道狭窄、吻合口感染 | |
| 气道支架置人 | ||
| 硅酮支架 | 有症状且经过频繁球囊扩张(即每个月2次或以上扩张)且证实症状有 所改善的气道狭窄、保守治疗后症状无法改善的气道软化 | |
| 金属支架 | 保守治疗后症状无法改善且无法置入硅酮支架的气道狭窄或气道软化、 吻合口广泛裂开、吻合口瘘 | |
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引用 / 出处
中华医学会呼吸病学分会 中华医学会器官移植学分会. 2025 肺移植术后气道并发症专家共识[S/OL]. 2025.